Describing Graphs
General Instruction:
- You need to write 3-4 paragraphs and 150 words.
- Use formal language and don’t use personal opinion. Only write about the facts that you can see in the visual information shown to you. Do not add any background information
- In the initial paragraph, you need to paraphrase the initial explanation about the graph.. Start the paraphrase with one of the following prompts,
- ‘The table shows/illustrates the trends in .... between .......
- The graph shows......
- The chart shows how the ..... have changed ......
- Write an overview as your second sentence of your introduction. Look at the beginning and the end of the chart to help determine your overview.
- Decide if the graph you are describing is a comparison, progression or both. You will need to use the appropriate language for each type. For example, if it is comparative, use ‘the same as’ or if it is progressive, use ‘ a slight increase’.
- Change noun and adjectives phrases into verbs and adverbs to create a range of expressions, for example ‘a slight increase’ to ‘increase slightly’. Also, try to learn a few different ways to say the same thing so you don’t have to repeat yourself (‘increase’, ‘go up’, ‘rise’). Remember you will be marked on your language range and accuracy.
- Describe the most general trends in second paragraph, including the most striking characteristics.
- You need to add linker to help your essay with its cohesion and coherence; in other words, it’s flow. Here are some useful expressions: in addition, furthermore, however, although.
- In the 3rd paragraph you need to give a more detailed description. You still need to focus on main trends, but focus more on elements within each part of the graph (For 10 years, there was a gradual upward trend until it peaked at 250units in 2002, followed by a dip.). Add data to support your information.
- Don’t describe all small details as this creates lists which sound mechanical.
- Instead of writing :It went up by 2% and then dropped up 5%, then rose again for 2 years, and again dropped by 2%.
- Write: It fluctuated between 5% and 2% for the first quarter of the year.
- You don’t have to write a conclusion, but it makes the writing seem more complete if you do.
- Don’t forget spelling and punctuation count towards accuracy.
Language of Change
As you can see, there are several examples of this in the graph, so it is important to learn how to use these correctly in order to successfully write a description of graphs. Here are some examples:- gradually increasing
- a slight fall
- kept rising
- reached a peak
- increased at a steady rate
- fell
- increased sharply
- a low of
- finish at
- stood at
- finishing the period at
1. Pie Chart
To begin, take a look at the pie chart below.
The pie charts show the main reasons for migration to and from the UK in 2007.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Example of Answer
The pie charts illustrate the primary reasons that people came to and left the UK in 2007. At first glance it is clear that the main factor influencing this decision was employment.
Having a definite job accounted for 30 per cent of immigration to the UK, and this figure was very similar for emigration, at 29%. A large number of people, 22%, also emigrated because they were looking for a job, though the proportion of people entering the UK for this purpose was noticeably lower at less than a fifth.
Another major factor influencing a move to the UK was for formal study, with over a quarter of people immigrating for this reason. However, interestingly, only a small minority, 4%, left for this.
The proportions of those moving to join a family member were quite similar for immigration and emigration, at 15% and 13% respectively. Although a significant number of people (32%) gave ‘other’ reasons or did not give a reason why they emigrated, this accounted for only 17% with regards to immigration.
(173 words)
Assignment #1: Describing a pie chart
The pie charts show the electricity generated in Germany and France from all sources and renewables in the year 2009.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
2. Bar Chart
Look at the characteristic of the chart – if you are asked to compare the data as well, so you must also compare the elements where relevant.You must also group data together to make sure you have a well organized and coherent answer.
To do this, you need to look for similarities and differences when you first analyze the graph for, and decide what can be logically put together or not.
Example:
The bar chart shows the number of times per week (in 1000s), over five weeks, that three computer packages were downloaded from the internet.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Example of Answer
The bar chart illustrates the download rate per week of ActiveX, Java and Net computer packages over a period of five weeks. It can clearly be seen that ActiveX was the most popular computer package to download, whilst Net was the least popular of the three.
To begin, downloads of ActiveX and Java showed similar patterns, with both gradually increasing from week 1 to week 5. However, the purchases of Active X remained significantly higher than for the other product over this time frame. In week 1, purchases of ActiveX stood at around 75,000, while those for Java were about 30,000 lower. With the exception of a slight fall in week 4, downloading of ActiveX kept increasing until it reached a peak in the final week of just over 120,000. Java downloads also increased at a steady rate, finishing the period at 80,000.
The product that was downloaded the least was Net. This began at slightly under 40,000, and, in contrast to the other two products, fell over the next two weeks to reach a low of approximately 25,000. It then increased sharply over the following two weeks to finish at about 50,000, which was well below that of ActiveX.
(Words 198)
Assignment #2: Describing a bar chart
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the graph below.
Write at least 150 words.
Items to
learn:
1. Finding and understanding information provided by graphs
2. Understanding how to elaborate information
Indicator of
completion:
1. Able
to identify characteristics of the phenomena.
2. Able
to make sentences describing the phenomena.
3. Able
to make write a short essay.
Benchmarking:
1. 1. Write a report of a graph (if you have accomplished assignment #1 and #2, you can choose one of them) with minor grammatical mistakes (less than 3 items of mistake in an essay).
2. 2. Present the report orally.
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